掌握虚拟语气用于名词性从句的用法
南昌十九中  宋焘

虚拟语气用在名词性从句比较常见，要重点掌握

1、虚拟语气用于宾语从句
（1）“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.
表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:
I wish it were spring all the year round.
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
（2）虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest,等后面的宾主从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:
We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
We insisted that they (should) go with us.
The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.
He demanded that we (should) start right away.
注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作 “坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:
  Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.
2、虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句
作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:
    We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.
    My idea is that we (should) exercises first．

3、虚拟语气用于主语从句．
    在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“ should 十动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等．例如：
    It is necessary( important，natural，strange，etc) that … we should clean
the room every day.
    It was a pity ( a shame，no wonder，etc) that you should be so careless．
    It will be desired( suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc)
that she should finish her homework this afternoon．
    在上述三种主语从句中，should意为“应该”,“竟然”，可以省去，但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限．
    注意：如果说话人对事实不表示惊奇等情感．That从句也可用陈述语气，例如：
    It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.
    It is a pity that you can’t swim．