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英语中的强调
在英语中可以用多种方法表示强调，现在小结如下：
1． 强调句型 It is /was …that /who…
I met John in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was I who/that met John in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was John who/that I met in the street yesterday afternoon
It was in the street that I met John yesterday afternoon.
It was yesterday afternoon that I met John in the street.
此句型可以强调主语，表语，宾语，状语等，强调人时可以用who或that其他则用that .此句型中也可以用情态动词.
2.用助动词do .does did.只用于陈述句（肯定句），祈使句，去掉后句意不变，不影响句意表达。
Do come to school early.
I do believe it .
3.倒装句，避免头重脚轻，把强调部分提前。
From the speaker on the wall comes from a doctor’ s voice ,“Good morning!”
On one side of Tian an men Square stands the Great Hall of the People
On River Thames lies a beautiful city where the musician was born.
4.反身代词，在句中做成分时不是加强语气，可以去掉时是加强语气，表示强调。
He himself said so.
You may go and ask the teacher about that yourself.
5.only, just, much, still, alone, terribly, simply, very, any, at all, enough, even等用于 句子中表强调
Even a child can understand it.
He has just gone to Beijing.
That’s good enough, I shall say.
但only位置不同，强调成分不同.
Only I solved the problem.
I only solved the problem.
I solved only the problem.
6.---ever.用于关系代词，关系副词，疑问代词，疑问副词之后，表强调。
I don’t care whoever it is.
You can choose whatever you want.
Wherever you go , whatever you do ,I’ll be here waiting for you.
7.在口语中，用for ages/years, die, on earth, in the world等表强调。
I am dying for knowledge.
What on earth are you doing here?
8.在口语中，用重读方式表强调，强调哪，重读哪。
9.在书面语中， 用大写，斜体，黑体或其他标点符号等。
10.用进行时态表强调。
He is always helping others.
You are looking terribly ill today.
11.用重复手段.
His home is far, far away from here.
Long, long ago, there lived a prince.
12同义词连用。
To join the Party is her highest aim and object.
13双重否定.
It is never too late to learn.
No one does not know Li Bai.
14.not only… but also… , as well as
He is a writer as well as a singer.
15用most.
I shall most certainly go there.
This is a most useful book.
She is a most beautiful girl.
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when 的用法小结
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when在英语中是个很常见的词,其用法也比较灵活,现将其引导状语从句的含义及特点简单总结如下:
一、有“当……的时候”的含义(=at the time that...),此时when后的从句是用来说明前面主句动作发生的背景。例如:
James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him. 当我和詹姆斯讲话的时候,他假装耳聋。
二、有“正……忽然……”的含义,表示突然发生某事。此时是when前的主句说明when后面句子之中动词动作发生的背景。例如:
I was about to leave my office when the telephone rang. 我正要离开办公室时,忽然电话铃响了。
注意:在这种句型中一般不可把when放在句首。
三、有“无论什么时候……”的含义,与whenever的意思差不多,但语气较轻。此时when后的从句说明主句动词动作发生的背景。例如:
When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹,所有的门都吱吱嘎嘎作响。
四、有“本该(可)……而(却)……”的含义,此时when含有对比意义。例如:
They have only three copies when we need five. 我们本该需要五本,而他们却只有三本。
五、有“既然……”的含义。此时when从句说明主句的理由或是一种借故。例如:
I can’t tell you anything when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。
六、有“如果,要是(=if)”的含义,此时when从句表示条件,意思上接近“在……的情况下”。例如:
Come when you are ready. 如果(要是)你准备好了,就来吧。
七、有“还没(刚刚)……就……”的含义,此时表示主、从句的动作几乎同时发生。例如:
I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我刚开门,他就打我。
八、有“那时或然后”的含义,此时when前往往有“,”号。例如:
They arrive at 6, when we all have dinner. 他们六点到,那时(然后)我们大家一起吃饭。
九、有“其实或虽然……但是……”的含义,此时when的意思接近although。例如:
She stopped trying, when she might succeed next time. 她不再尝试了,其实下一次说不定会成功。
注意:有时when引导状语从句时,在不影响文意的情况下往往将从句中某些成分省去,因此,常常会出现以下结构:
1. When+现在分词。例如:
When sleeping, I never hear a thing. 睡觉时,我什么都听不见。
2. When+过去分词。例如:
This dictionary will look nice when printed. 这本词典印出来时会很好看。
3. When+名词或形容词。例如:
When a boy, he was sick all the time. 小的时候,他经常生病。
4. When+介词短语。例如:
When in Rome do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 |
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