双语文章：Windows

南昌十九中  宋焘整理推荐

Microsoft Windows is a software system based on graphics, which can run under MS-DOS. Like a huge shelf arranged orderly, Windows provides a user-friendly graphical interface including pop-up menus, scroll bars, dialogue boxes, icons and etc. The work under Windows seems quite comfortable and natural. So, someone says: Windows is a user’s paradise full of beautiful icons, graphics and menus.

MS Windows 是一个基于图形的软件系统，它可以运行在MS－DOS环境下，它像一个排列有序的大货架，Windows 提供了用户友好的图形接口界面，包括弹出式菜单、滚动条、对话框和图标等。在Windows 系统下工作起来轻松自如。因此有人说：“Windows 是用户的天堂，它充满了美丽的图标、画面和菜单”。

Windows has two evident characteristics :

(1) GUI-graphical user interface. In Windows, the computer screen is referred to as a desktop. The desktop displays all your work in rectangular areas called windows. You open a windows when you run an application and close the windows when you quit from an application program. You can easily drag a window to change its size and location with the mouse. You arrange windows on the desktop just as you move work items around on your actual desk.

(2) Multitask operation. With Windows, you will find it easy to start up and work with application programs. You can run more than one application at a time, transfer information between them and switch quickly among them.

Windows的特点

  Windows 有下列两个明显的特点：

1）GUI－图形用户界面。在Windows中，计算机的屏幕又被称为桌面。在这个桌面上，你所有的工作都被显示在一个称为窗口的矩形框里。当你运行一个应用程序时就的开一个窗口，从应用程序中退出，就关闭相应的窗口。使用鼠标，你可以很容易地拖动窗口以改变窗口的大小和位置。在桌面上排列窗口，就像你在实际的桌子上移动工作用品一样。

  2）多任务操作。在Windows中，你会发现启动、运行应用程序都很简单。在某一时刻可以同时运行多个应用程序，在它们之间传递信息，在它们之间快速地切换。

 Windows Modes

  Windows can run in two modes : 386 enhanced mode and standard mode. When you type “win ”,Windows starts in the most appropriate mode for your system. You can find out which mode Windows is running by choosing the “About ” command from the “Help” menu in Program Manager.

  Windows uses the following criteria to select the running mode:

  Windows stars in 386 enhanced mode if you have an 80386 SX computer (or higher) with at least 640k of conventional memory plus 1024K of extended memory. However, more memory is required to use the more advanced features of Windows .

  Windows starts in standard mode if you have an 80286 computer (or  higher ) with at least 640K of conventional memory and 384K of extended memory . Windows also starts in standard mode on 80386 computers that have less than 2MB of free memory .

Windows 的运行模式　

Windows　能在386增强模式和标准模式两种模式下运行。当你只键入“win”时，Windows以最合适的模式启动你的系统。通过选择程序管理器的帮助菜单的“关于”命令，你可以查找出Windows的运行模式。

 Windows　根据以下原则选择运行模式。

如果你用的是带有至少640K常规内存和1024K扩展内存的80386SX机，那么，Windows以386增强模式启动。然而，要使用更先进的功能就需要有更多的内存。

　　　　如果你用的是80286（或更高级的机器），带有至少640K常规内存和384K扩展内存，那么，Windows以标准模式启动。Windows　在带有不到2MB可用内存的80386　上也以标准模式启动。