玩转英语中的“强调”　　

   仔细研究近几年的高考题，我们不难发现强调句倍受出题者的青睐。其实，如果我们在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，这一语法项目很容易掌握。下面我结合本人的教学经验把对这一语法的规律和大家共同探讨一下，希望能对同学们的学习有所帮助。　　

 一、强调句的“四大考点”　　

（1）考查强调句式的基本结构　　

（2）考查含有“not…until…”句型的强调句式　　

（3）考查强调句式的疑问句　　

（4）考查强调句式的正确判断　　

二、强调句基本结构　　

       1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。强调句可以强调除谓语以外的一切成分。下面我们针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

       强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

       强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.

       强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.

       强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

       2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

       e.g. Was it yesterday that he met my old friend?

       3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？

       e.g. When was it that you were born?

       我们需要注意的是：第一、构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略。

第二、It's ....that/who....的强调句型只是为了强调某一成分，而不充当成分。所以它和It作形式主语，真正的主语从句后置的情况有所不同。
   我们一起看下面两个例句:
1.It's necessary that we should learn english.(主语从句)
2.It's not until he got off the bus that he realized his money was stolen.(强调句型)
   解析：因为强调句型中的It's....that/who....在句子中不充当任何成分。所以去掉后句子依然完整。
例子2去掉It's....that/who....后就成了
     until he got off the bus he realized his money was stolen. 而例子1去掉后句子则不完整。

三、not … until … 句型的强调句　　

       1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分

       e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his son came back.

              强调句：It was not until his son came back that he went to bed.

       2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

四、谓语动词的强调　　

       1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。

       e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。

              He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

              Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

       2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。

五、备考建议：　　

1.考前应认真研读高考题目，了解高考题目的立意方向和设问风格，做到知彼知己，百战不殆。　　

2.掌握强调句的基本式及其变式，高考的考查方向一向以实用为主，故可能会在长句中考查。建议大家从题型入手，仔细分析强调句的内部结构，以不变应万变。　　

3. 建议大家尽力在写作中灵活运用强调句来表达，对文章加以润色，增加文章“闪光点”，增长作文“得分点”。　　

实战演练：　　

1. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.　　

       A. It                            B. He                    C. She                   D. That　　

2.when was it       you called me yesterday?　　

A. until  B. that  C. then  D. so 　　

3. It was on October 1st ____ new 　　China　　 was founded.　　

       A. which               B. when                C. as                            D. that　　

4. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?　　

       A. and                   B. that                   C. that’s                      D. so　　

5. It is imagination    makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. [2007 上海春]　　

    A．where   B．what             C．that                     D．when　　

6. It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. [2007 浙江卷]　　

  A. was until; when  B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when  D. wasn’t until; that　　

7. It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. [2007 重庆卷]　　

A. which                          B. it                               C. that                   D. this　　

8. It was in 　New Zealand　 ___ 　　Elizabeth　　 first met Mr. Smith. (2008 全国II)　　

A. that  B. how    C. which    D. when　　

9. It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site. （2008 重庆卷）　　

A .that   B. when    C. while    D. as　　

10. It was along the 　Mississippi River　 _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. （　2008’　NMET 天津卷）　　

  A. how         B. which          C. that        D. where　　

Keys:1-5ABDBC  6-10 DCAAC