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被动语态 — 主动语态变被动语态的方法
作者：frog  文章来源：本站原创  点击数  更新时间：2010-4-4 18:31:50  文章录入：frog  责任编辑：frog

    1. 注意变三个方面：将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构；将主动语态的主语改为介词by 之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后。如：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ VX@6!xti$m)h(dR^FroG]

    They make TV sets in that factory.[文章来自:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ &3Pe8]PdR#V@4y"7a`]
    主语 谓语  宾语        其它[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ U�ytE#QF_I% F FroG]

    TV sets are made by them in that factory.[文章来自:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ Cn 4 n'Z@Gbt-p9QW]
     主语     谓语   by+宾语     其它部分[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ G2i5sj(_^1Crm6&ZFroG]

    2. 含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ ??N*Q$l5# v'0XURvWFroG]

    (1)把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位。如：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ d MPEF^#%D+}l ,0Q{FroG]

    He gave the boy an apple. → The boy was given an apple.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ wN6nN0Lo=lRb"gFroG]

    Her father bought her a present. →She was bought a present by her father.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ o%Iv om 5�D!Hm(RFroG]

    (2)把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。如上两句可改为：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ �~*#H@aCO U8Br8FroG]

    An apple was given to the boy.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ :0q|D(`H;VEkyLq_S7bFroG]

    A present was bought for her by her father.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ M3P@w9Y{e1HIK(i8 3FroG]

    3. 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ i+N&XOtrqIuFroG]

    We should keep our room clean and tidy. →Our room should be kept clean and tidy.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ C~$hUX �NN&K.cs0O.FroG]

    提醒：不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ 4/- VyW"l|,NX !fDFroG]

    I heard the girl sing in the next room. →The girl was heard to sing in the next room.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ {XVV;SOL\ j@TK`m;nFroG]

    4. 动词短语的被动语态：动词短语在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组，在被动语态结构中也是如此，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。如：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ "eDiC?]#if:3`*GF6WFroG]

    The nurse takes good care of the child. →The child is taken good care of by the nurse.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ ~c=I/Xbm$sCUp"&k&;FroG]

    5. 含有宾语从句的被动语态：如果主动语态结构中，宾语是从句，变被动语态时，一般用it作形式主语，真正的主语放在后面。可以转换的动词有know， say， believe， find， think， report等。如：[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ O_fk 4REKT] y9%FroG]

    People believe that he is ill. →It is believed that he is ill. (或：He is believed to be ill.)[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ -q7 bM*/c7C%K} LFroG]
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