常用情态动词的用法 — had better, should, ought to--打印文章

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常用情态动词的用法 — had better, should, ought to

作者：frog 文章来源：本站原创点击数更新时间：2010-4-6 21:45:36 文章录入：frog 责任编辑：frog

    三者都可用来提建议，had better, should, ought to语气由弱到强。否定形式分别为：had better not, should not, ought not to。具体用法如下：
    (1) had better意为“最好”，后接动词原形。这里had不表示过去时，不可以用have或has替换。变疑问句时，把had直接提到句首，不可填加助动词。例如：
    You'd better put on your coat. It's cold outside. 你最好穿上外套，外面很冷。
    We'd better not be late next time. 我们下次最好别晚。
    Had I better start the work at once? 我最好立刻开始工作吗？
    (2) should有以下几个用法：
    表示“应当，应该”；表示推测或可能，“按理说应该”；should (not) have done是虚拟语气，意为“本（不）该做某事”；表示说话人的某种感情色彩，如惊奇、愤怒、遗憾、意外等。例如：
    Students should follow teachers' advice. 学生应该听从老师的建议。
    Mary should be here by now. 按理说玛丽现在该到了。
    Tom should have finished his homework yesterday. 汤姆本应该昨天就完成作业。
    I shouldn't have gone with her. 我本不应该和她一起去。
    A gentleman should not be so rude. 一个绅士不应该这么粗鲁。
    It's strange that it should be so cold today. 真奇怪，今天竟会这么冷。
    另外，should like / love to do sth.表示愿意，想要，常用于口语中，相当于would like / love to do sth.。例如：
    I should like to know how you are getting on with your study at college. 我想知道你在大学里的学习情况。
    (3) ought to应该。比should的语气强，多数情况下两者可以通用。但在表示责任、义务等情况时多用ought to。另外，ought (not) to have done也表示虚拟语气，意为“本（不）该做某事”。例如：
    He ought to visit his sick father in hospital more often. 他应该更多地看望生病住院的父亲。
    Oughtn't we to give him a chance to have another try? 难道我们不该给他一次机会再试一试吗？
    We ought to have started the work earlier. 我们本该早一点开始工作。
    You oughtn't to have quarreled with your sister. 你本不应该和你姐姐吵架。

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