主谓一致 — 特殊情况对照--打印文章

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主谓一致 — 特殊情况对照

作者：frog 文章来源：本站原创点击数更新时间：2010-4-6 22:17:40 文章录入：frog 责任编辑：frog

    13. 在There be句型中，如果有两者或两者以上的人或物做主语，谓语动词的单复数通常和其临近的词保持一致；由连词or, neither...nor, either...or, not only...but also, nor等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原则，与贴近它的主语一致。例如：
    There is a boy student, two girl students and two teachers in the classroom.
    There are three cups, a pen and two knives on the table.
    He or you have taken my pen.
    Either you or he is not telling the truth.
    Are either you or your mother right?
    Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been changed.
    14. a number of后面如果接复数名词或代词，其谓语动词用复数形式；但the number of后面接复数名词或代词时，其谓语动词用单数。因为前者的意思是“大量、许多、若干”，等于numbers of；后者的意思是“总数、合计”，强调的是一个数字，所以应该看成单数主语。例如：
    The number of the teachers in our school is about 300.
    A number of the teachers have gone abroad for further study.
    15. 当and连接的两个名词是指同一个人或同一件事，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；如果and后面的名词前有冠词，谓语就用复数形式。例如：
    Bread and butter is served for breakfast.
    The bread and the butter are on sale.
    16. 集合名词family, class, team, government, party, public, army 等在句中作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调各个成员，谓语动词则用做复数。例如：
    The family are watching TV after supper.
    The family is a happy one.
    17. 如果名词词组中心词是“分数或百分数/half/part/the rest/all/some/lots+ of + 名词”，谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单、复数形式。例如：
    Over three quarters of the swampland（沼泽地） has been reclaimed.
    Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.
    Half of the work has been finished.
    Half of the people present at the meeting are young people.
    18. 如果先行词为one of the + 复数名词，那么定语从句中谓语动词要用复数形式；如果先行词为the only one of the + 复数名词，那么定语从句中谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
    Tom is one of the boys who were late for class yesterday.
    Tom is the only one of the boys who was late for class yesterday.
    19. 代词all指人且在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；代词all指物且在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：
    All are present at the meeting talking about the accident.
    All has been well done.
    20. 由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，该主语不受这些词组的影响，主语如果是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如：
    My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office.
    The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV.
    His sister no less than you is wrong.

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