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你被“虚构”的记忆骗过吗？[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ * WU5 �Tgw\%y)oPMFroG]
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童年的美好回忆有部分可能是假的！英国最新调查显示，童年的珍贵回忆有一部分是自己杜撰或是虚幻情节。
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英国赫尔大学研究人员对1600名学生进行的问卷调查发现，有1/5的受访者表示，他们发现过去认为在4岁到8岁时所发生的往事，其实根本就是“虚构”的，而且大多是由父母亲或兄弟姐妹提醒，才知道过去的记忆与现实不符，另外有些人甚至对根本不可能发生的事深信不疑，其中包括有人相信曾见过真的圣诞老人以及曾和恐龙面对面。
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The mythical memories: How a fifth of us fondly recall happy events... that never actually happened
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From the thrill of a perfect childhood Christmas to the excitement of a holiday romance, memories can sustain and support us through life's more difficult times.
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But according to scientists, many of our most treasured memories may never have actually happened.
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In an astonishing study, psychologists discovered that one in five people vividly recalls incidents that they know did not take place.
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The finding highlights once again the fallibility of memory - and explains why two people can have such different recollections of the same conversations and events.
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A fifth said they had experienced "fictional" memories, mostly dating back to when they were four to eight years old, reported the journal Psychological Science.
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One volunteer claimed to have had vivid memories of being a hockey player - even though her parents confirmed she had never played hockey in her life.
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Another claimed to have remembered seeing a living dinosaur. In many cases, people continued to have memories of events after their parents or siblings had told them they could not have happened.
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"Autobiographical memory provides us with a sense of identity and it is usually accurate enough to help us negotiate our lives," said researcher Giuliana Mazzoni.
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"But as our study shows, not all that we remember about our past is true. Our research also shows that this phenomenon of non-believed memories is much more frequent than people had imagined.
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"Crucially, if these memories are not challenged by some form of evidence, they would still be considered part of the individual's autobiographical experience."
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Developmental psychologist Jean Piaget vividly remembered being kidnapped in a park at the age of two, while out with his nurse.
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He even had memories of the scratches on his nurse's face, caused by the attacker.
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But 13 years later the nurse confessed-that she had fabricated the story. Even after Mr Piaget no longer believed he was kidnapped, he was unable to stop remembering the traumatic event.
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In one famous experiment,
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They were shown a doctored advert for
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A few weeks later when the volunteers were asked to recall their childhood trips to the theme park, a third remembered meeting the stuffed rabbit - despite the fact that the character is owned by Disney's rival Warner Brothers and has never appeared at the park.
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The work raised concerns about the way therapists "recover" lost memories of child abuse in adults.
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