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Scientists have come up with a theory for why time flies when you are having fun-- and drags when you are bored.

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Scans have shown that patterns of activity in the brain change depending on how we focus on a task.

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Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly.

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The research, by the French Laboratory of Neurobiology and Cognition, is published in the magazine Science.

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In the study, 12 volunteers watched an image while researchers monitored their brain activity using MRI scans.

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Volunteers were given a variety of tasks. In one they were told to concentrate simply on the duration of an image, in another they were asked to focus on the colour, and in a third they were asked to concentrate on both duration and colour.

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The results showed that a network of brain regions was activated when more subjects were paid attention to duration.

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It is thought that if the brain is busy focusing on many aspects of a task, then it has to spread its resources thinly, and pays less heed to time passing.

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Therefore, time passes without us really noticing it, and seems to go quickly.

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However, if the brain is not stimulated in this way, it concentrates its full energies on monitoring the passing of time.

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This may make time seem to drag, but in fact it is probably a more accurate perception of reality.

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Indeed, the researchers found that the more volunteers concentrated on the duration of the images, the more accurate were their estimates of its duration.

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Lead researcher Dr Jennifer Coull said many of the areas of the brain involved in estimating time were the same that played a key role in controlling movement, and preparing for action.

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She said this overlap suggests that the brain may make sense of time as intervals between movements, in much the same way as a musician marks time with his foot, or an athlete anticipates the sound of a starter's pistol.

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