名词的分类 — “名词+名词”代表的意义

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作者：frog 文章来源：本站原创点击数：更新时间：2010-4-6

    1. 第一个名词起形容词的作用，表示东西或人的类别。例如：
    a tennis ball = a ball used to play tennis
    a road accident = an accident that happens on the road
    income tax = tax that you pay on your income
    a London doctor = a doctor from London
    由此我们可以用：
    language problems, marriage problems, health problems, work problems...来表示各种各样的“问题”。
    2. 有时第一个名词告诉我们所指东西是什么，此时“名词+名词”与“名词+ of + 名词”表达相同的意义。例如：
    We'll gather at our school gate (= the gate of our school).
    The garage roof (= the roof of the garage) needs repairing.
    The sea temperature (= the temperature of the sea) this afternoon is 18 degrees.
    这时用“名词+名词”结构显得更为简洁、明了。
    注意：
    a cup / glass of coffee与a coffee cup / glass在意义上不尽相同。
    a cup / glass of coffee = a cup / glass with coffee in it而a coffee cup / glass = a cup / glass for drinking coffee (the cup / glass is perhaps empty)
    3. 有时复合名词由两个以上的名词组成表示一件东西或一类人。例如：
    I waited at the hotel reception desk.
    The family are watching the World Swimming Championships on television.
    If you want to play table tennis, you need a table tennis table.
    其中心词仍然是最后一个名词，前两个分别起形容词的作用。
    4. 复合名词中前面的名词起形容词作用，要用单数形式，但表示复数含义。例如：
    computer programs = programs for computers
    a computer magazine = a magazine about / on computers
    a factory inspector = somebody whose job is to inspect factories
    your examination results = the results of your examinations
    a two-week leave（不能说成a two-weeks， leave，但可以说a two weeks' leave）= a leave which lasts for two weeks
    a three-hour journey = a journey which lasts for three hours
    5. 名词前有girl, boy, woman, man, women, men等词修饰，表示性别。例如：
    a girl / boy student, girl / boy students, a woman / man doctor, women / men scientists
    注意：
    当woman和man后所修饰的名词是复数时，woman和man也要用复数形式，而girl 和boy修饰其后的名词时，用单数形式。

文章录入：frog 责任编辑：frog

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