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研究：未来女人将会变矮变胖[文章来自:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ - .G={_p;8 deLM;X]
Women evolving to be shorter and heavier, says research[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ v@?-
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近期发表在美国《国家科学学会学报》上的一项研究报告显示，在人类进化过程中，女性将会变矮、体重会增加、身体会更健康，而且生育周期会更长。如果按照这项研究的趋势发展，到2409年的时候，女性的平均身高将会减少
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New research at[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ h)?*9 s$1d)/? \FFroG]
As medicine has allowed people who would previously have died young to live to childbearing age and beyond, many have assumed that natural selection no longer works on our species.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ *)Fo6Gr�g0=FroG]
But Prof Stephen Stearns, the evolutionary biologist at[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ cbO\q\Q'~ {.gZpFroG]
While survival to reproductive age is no longer such a hurdle for humans, other evolutionary pressures – including sexual selection and reproductive fitness – are still working away in full force.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ b]% d7k/RwSv$-LV=FroG]
If the trends the research detected are representative and continue for another 10 generations, Prof Stearns says that the average woman in 2409AD will be[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ Q6:I'j!0;i ] 428AFroG]
Prof Stearns and his team studied the medical histories of 14,000 residents of the[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ ;d{dZyP?,7p/R�OIFroG]
It looked at 2,238 women past reproductive age – so that they had had all the children they were going to – and tested their height, weight, cholesterol, blood pressure, and other traits, to see if there was a correlation with the number of children they had borne.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ (,? / PFi'K?[T][. FroG]
It found that shorter, heavier women had more children than lighter, taller ones. Women with lower blood pressure and cholesterol were also more likely to have large families.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ Okq9J 6imu{(2wObFroG]
Women who gave birth early or had a late menopause were likely to have more children as well.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ 1(1~8 =#;gVw9g_mxoFroG]
More importantly, however, these traits were then passed on to their daughters, who also, on average, had more children.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ ZmxiYT8j0az Dmx+@+FroG]
The study has not determined why these factors are linked to reproductive success, but it is likely that they indicate genetic, rather than environmental, effects. Prof Stearns’ team controlled for other factors, including social and cultural change.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ F]y8 ${-.?H%bVFroG]
He told New Scientist: "It's interesting that the underlying biological framework is still detectable beneath the culture."[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ ~S ~q~}z0 %83=#FroG]
Research suggesting humans are evolving has been carried out before, but this is believed to be the first that directly compares reproductive success of individuals with physiological changes.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ YybUc;ap9/FroG]
The research is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal.[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 http://www.trgroup.com.cn/te/ =OvPxwK5=m= jQ{&G3FroG]
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