1. 邻近原则。谓语动词该用单数还是复数形式,取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。另外,neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also连接两个名词或代词作主语时,或由there, here引导的句子,并且主语不止一个时,谓语动词通常与邻近它的那个主语保持数上的一致。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 RA[i'Z~NYhn'5FroG]
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ,6K'%r}\0y
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If either David or Janet comes, he or she will have a drink. 如果大卫和珍妮特来了,他或她会要一份饮料。(comes也可改为复数动词come)[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 I
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2. 两个主语由with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, rather than等连接时,谓语动词须和这些词前的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ?PH!Rl\!M45('x5+FroG]
A woman with two children is asking for money. 一个妇女带着两个孩子在要钱。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 '=cE(Mok_R=TN.^FroG]
3. 有些集合名词如family, class, group, team等做主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词须用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员来考虑,则谓语动词须用复数形式。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 5n$Fb\Z~q[KlMjh%FroG]
My family is very large. 我的家庭是个很大的家庭。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 |~t.,qHoN\is;O FroG]
My family are all tall. 我全家人的个子都很高。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 N�)u7=Rwj'-0 m-FroG]
4. 关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中做主语时,其谓语动词的人称和数应与句中的先行词保持一致。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 /5PMa?/XG4WKFroG]
The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 那个住在我们隔壁的人是警察。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 V(0sA*,H$yT*
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Those who want to go please sign their names here. 那些想去的人请在这里签名。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 n+PvbB
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5. 由“a lot of (lots of,plenty of)+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语做主语时,其谓语动词要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ow&UvH- ${2}*)FroG]
There are a lot of students on the playground. 操场上有许多学生。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 zD�*qi=mZ;HJ%j0WFroG]
There is lots of water in the street. 街上有许多水。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 K.\EIg-[T=?b~6!FroG]
Three quarters of the world's books and newspapers are written in English. 全世界四分之三的书和报纸是用英语写的。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ~8=9^Ww.qDrE-vFroG]
6. sheep, fish, deer, Japanese, Chinese等单复数同形的名词做主语时,根据具体情况谓语动词选用单数或复数。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ok
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There are many sheep on the hill. 那山上有许多绵羊。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ?Qbe]aGr#vA,AXKTFroG]