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调查：年入五万英镑最幸福[文章来自:考试与评价 N#
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£50,000-a-year can buy you happiness – after that it’s down to you[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 i)g(=z& U_e l! FroG]
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Money can buy you happiness but only if you earn £50,000 a year – after that you really have to work for it, a study claims.
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Earning less than that amount can make you miserable – but earning more does not greatly increase enjoyment of life, it was found.
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Researchers found that life contentment only rose steadily with annual income up to level – $75,000, or just below £50,000.
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Once earnings soared above this the important things in life such as family and wellbeing made money much less significant
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The quality of the randomly-selected participants' everyday experiences did not improve significantly beyond a salary of £48,960.98.
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But as income dropped from that amount, respondents reported decreasing happiness and increasing sadness and stress, according to the findings published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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The psychologists Prof Daniel Kahneman and Prof Angus Deaton explained people's life evaluations rise steadily with income but the quality of emotional daily experiences levels-off once earnings reach a certain amount.
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Life evaluations were measured by asking 1,000 respondents to rate their lives on a scale of zero to 10 while emotional wellbeing was measured according to experiences of certain positive and negative emotions the previous day.
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The data also suggested the emotional pain of unfortunate events or circumstances including disease, divorce and being alone are exacerbated by poverty.
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The researchers said the study does not imply people's lives will not improve after a raise in annual income from $100,000 (£64,900) to $150,000 (£97,350).
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But above a certain income people's emotional wellbeing is held back by other more important issues.
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Prof Kahneman and Prof Deaton, of Princeton University, New Jersey, said: "The question of whether 'money buys happiness' comes up frequently in discussions of subjective wellbeing in both scholarly debates and casual conversation.
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"More money does not necessarily buy more happiness, but less money is associated with emotional pain.”
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最新研究表明，金钱的确能买来幸福，但前提是你恰好年入5万英镑。如果你挣得更多，幸福不幸福就要靠你自己争取了。
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研究称，收入低于5万英镑会使人痛苦，但高于5万英镑也不会大大增加幸福感。
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研究者发现，在年收入7.5万美元（刚不及5万英镑）以内时，生活的满意度才和收入成正比。
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一旦收入超出这一范围，家庭、幸福感等生活中的重要因素就会大大弱化金钱的地位。
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当随机抽样的受访者年收入高于48960.98英镑时，他们平时体会到的幸福感并未随收入明显提高。
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但受访者也表示，当收入低于这一数额时，幸福感会随之下降，失落感和压抑感会上升。这项研究成果发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上。
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心理学家丹尼尔•卡尼曼和安格斯•迪顿教授解释到，虽然人们对生活的评价会随着收入的增加而稳步提高，但是一旦收入达到某个临界值，人们平时体会到的幸福感就会保持平稳。
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研究人员共对1000名受访者进行了调查，他们被要求按满分为10分来评价生活质量，并依据之前一天经历的消极或积极情绪衡量幸福感。
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调查数据还表明，贫困会加剧疾病、离异、孤独等不幸遭遇所带来的情感伤痛。
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研究者称，这并不意味着年收入从10万美元（6.49万英镑）涨至15万美元（9.735万英镑）时，人们的生活不会改善。
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但收入高于某个临界数额后，人们的幸福感会受到其它更为重要因素的影响。
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新泽西州普林西顿大学的卡尼曼和迪顿教授说：“‘金钱是否能够买到幸福’这个问题常常出现在有关主观幸福感的讨论中，不仅学者会激辩，人们闲聊也会谈起。”
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“钱多不一定会更幸福，但是钱少肯定与感情痛苦有关。”
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