说一说动词不定式的省略

南昌十九中  宋焘

动词不定式是要掌握的学习重点, 大家要对不定式的省略结构关注,主要有以下几种情况：

1. 当动词不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，常可省略.常用动词如 like , love , care , hope , wish , expect , prefer , refuse , mean , try , oblige , advise , persuade等。例如：

　　— Do you want to give a talk on that subject ?

　　— I prefer not to .

　　— Are you and Jane getting married ?

　　—We hope to .

2..当不定式在句中某些动词后作宾语补足语或充当主语补足语时，不定式常省略，常见动词如 ask , tell , advise , force , persuade , wish , allow , permit 等。如：

　　She wants to come but her parents won ' t allow her to .

　　You ' d better give a performance if they should ask you to / if you should be asked to .

3.当不定式在某些形容词后作状语时，也可省略，常见形容词如 happy , glad , eager , anxious , willing , ready 等。如：

　　— Will you join me in a walk ?

　　— I ' ll be glad to .

　　I think he should get a job , but you can ' t force him to if he ' s not ready to .

4.不定式在某些名词后作定语时可省略，此时 to 也常省略，常见名词如：courage , chance , time 等。如：

　　He ' ll never leave home ; he hasn ' t got the courage ( to ) .

　　He says he will come as soon as he has got a chance ( to ) .

5.当被省略的不定式的内容是作助动词用的 have 或 be 的任何形式时，to 后要保留到原形 have 或 be。如：

　　He didn' t come , but the ought to have .

　　Jane is not what she used to be .