情态动词shall和should用法
南昌十九中 宋焘
一、shall
1. 表示说话者的意图、允许、警告、命令、决心等,用于陈述句的第二、第三人称中,有必须,应,可之意。例如:
1)You shall have that book tomorrow.
2) He shall be punished if he insists on doing that.
2,. 在问句中表示征求对方意见,主要用于第一、第三人称,有“…..好吗”,“要不要”等意思。例如“
1) Shall I fetch the hammer?
2) Shall those goods be sent over to you at once?
3) Shall we help you?
2. 用在表示意图、要求等的从句中,有“应该”,“要”之意,例如:
My demand is that is shall be done in time.
二、should
1.表示义务、责任、建议或劝告,有“应当、应该”的意思。例如:
1) You should learn from each other.
2) You shouldn’t be so careless.
3) He should have told me the news earlier.
(should + have + 过去分词)表示对过去本该做的事而没有做,其否定形式是对过去本不做的事而做了的固定句型。
2.与why ,who ,how等词连用,表示意外、惊异等,有“竟会”等意思。例如:
1) How should I know?
2) Why should you be so late today?
3.用于表示建议、命令、决定等的从句中,有“应该、必须”的意思。例如:
1) The young doctor proposed that he should try the experiment on himself.
2) It was decided that we should start a cleanup at once.
4。表示可能性、推测或推论,有“可能、该”等意思。例如:
They should have arrived in Beijing by this time.
5.用于虚拟语气句子中,有“万一、竟然、就、该”等意思。例如:
1) Should it rain tomorrow (或If it should rain tomorrow ) ,the meeting would be postponed.
2) If the book were in the library ,you should have it. (should 在句子里表说话人的意愿)
|