1. 某些表示“静态”的及物动词(表示状态而不是动作,而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词)如have, fit, suit, hold, cost, suffer, last等不能用于被动语态。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 Z[Wl&Ba%bx*VqFroG]
2. 动词leave, enter, join不可用于被动语态。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 }?a}u |
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3. feel, look, appear, sound, taste, smell等由实义动词演变而来的系动词,后接形容词作表语,不可用于被动语态。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 zP0!sfCa\t=!SQv"fzFroG]
4. 宾语是不定式、动词的-ing、反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语、主语身上的器官时,不可用于被动语态。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 wNu46i=-r[\"yfSFroG]
They live a happy life. 他们过着幸福的生活。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ''K,�3~}dO\oY9PFroG]
The girl shook her head. 那个女孩摇了摇头。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 E5?X�AXf\H3??FFroG]
5. 主动形式,被动含义。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 sJX?,,
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(1)英语中有很多动词如act, break, catch, cut, clean, drive, draw, let, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash, wear等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语时,其主动形式常用来表达被动含义。另外,像owe, beat, cook, bake, print, build, make等,有时可以用主动形式表达被动含义。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 @'Ri3 EhA
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The shirt washes well. 这件衬衫经洗。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 GlF7bLm!=Kw`=/FroG]
This kind of radio doesn't sell well. 这种收音机不太畅销。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 t@)=nQz*2EK"?}jFroG]
These plays act wonderfully. 这些剧演得好。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 aER6@wh
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The supermarket closes at ten o'clock. 这家超市十点关门。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ^H~:D`rCK=\w8YAPTkFroG]
(2)某些动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 d?S~D4S/�ixco
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1)在need, want, require, deserve, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动含义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 .p{B+1xpZxAdG$FroG]
The tool needs repairing(to be repaired). 这个工具需要修理。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 qWXn=!i#}kfipxLFroG]
The house needs painting(to be painted). 这间房子需要油漆。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 QT^%|mT*^s$nFroG]
2)形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 :HeqzNJS2G vq3j
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The novel is well worth reading. (=The novel is very worthy to be read.) 这本小说很值得一读。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 8xm(K}}qmwQO!]FroG]
(3)某些动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 ng
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1)当nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等形容词跟不定式作状语,而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时, 这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价
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English is not difficult to learn. 英语并不难学。(指英语被学)[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 %2^q2C4B/�: eE6!FroG]
This book is easy to read. 这本书读起来很容易。(指书被读)[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 w+B{B!P[
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2)当动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 G/A_b=g(p'M
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I have a lot of work to do today. 我今天有很多工作要做。(work to do指被做的工作)[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 dVo3#|0-_i R4E$&:IrFroG]
(4)表示感官意义的连系动词如smell, feel, taste, look, sound等在句子中常表达被动含义。如:[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 M/IyEB:@?^k
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Good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价 o{rs% @U=J+cCAG."FroG]
Does this sentence sound right? 这个句子听起来对吗?[文章版权 禁止转载:考试与评价
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